Mold can generally be removed from hard surfaces by using which of the following?

Mold can generally be removed from hard surfaces effectively using water and detergent. This method works because the combination helps to break down the mold's structure and removes organic material that feeds the mold, making it easier to clean and sanitize the surface. Detergents also help to lift the mold spores from the surface, allowing for a more thorough cleaning process.

Using just bleach alone is not as effective, particularly because bleach does not penetrate porous materials and can sometimes leave mold roots behind, leading to regrowth. Water and vinegar can be useful for some applications and provide a mild antifungal effect, but they are often less effective than a combination of water and detergent for cleaning larger areas of mold. Scrubbing with a brush alone, without any cleaning solution, may not adequately remove all mold spores and residues, making it less reliable for effective mold remediation. The combination of water and detergent ensures both cleaning and sanitizing, which is why it is the best choice for removing mold from hard surfaces.